Foot rot of rice
Causal organism of Foot rot of rice
Fusarium moniliforme.
Distribution of Foot rot of rice
The foot rot of rice caused by Fusarium moniliforme was first reported form Italia in 1877. From Japan the disease was first described in 1898 and was known as bakanae disease. The pathogen is world wide distribution.
Symptoms of Foot rot of rice
The disease affects the host mainly in the seedling stage and symptoms are clearly seen in the nursery. Sometimes the grains fail to germinate or the seedlings fail to emerge above the soil. The most conspicuous and detectable symptoms of the disease appear in the seedling. The affected seedling become thin, pale and tall, such symptoms appear from the sixth days after sowing in wet nurseries and continue upto 6 weeks. As soon as the symptoms appear the seedling wilt and die within 3-6 days. Mainly this is a nursery disease but may occur through out the life of the crops. In severe infection, either the panicle does not develop or a whitish sterile ear is developed.
Nature & recurrent of disease of Foot rot of rice
Generally the disease is externally seed borned. There are evidence to slow that the disease may sometimes be soil borne. The infected stubbles and plant debris may left in the field after harvest cause infection through the soil.
Favourable condition of Foot rot of rice
Soil temperature & soil moisture inflacnce the intensity of disease. Optimum temperature for the survival of pathogen lies between 25-30ᵒc. Excess use of nitrogenous fertilizer increase intensity of disease.
Management/Control measures of Foot rot of rice
i. Since the disease is seed, soil borne, various methods of seed/ soil treatment have been suggested for the control of this disease.
ii. Grains/seed are steepedd in 1% formalin for 15minutes.
iii. Seed treatment with several organomurcary compound such as agrosan GN, certoson, croan etc at the rate of 2gm/kg.
iv. Successful control has also been achieved by hot water treatment of the grains at 55ᵒc for 30 minutes.
v. Most economic method of control is the cultivation of resistant high yielding varieties.
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